Encyclopedias: Spartacus Educational: Prime Ministers

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Andrew Bonar Law http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRbonar.htm Born in Rexton, New Brunswick, Canada. Moved to Scotland and became leader of the Conservative Party, Secretary of State for the Colonies, and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Became Prime Minister in 1922. (1858-1923) Arthur Balfour http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRbalfour.htm Appointed as Secetary for Scotland and became leader of the House of Commons in 1892. Served as prime minister from 1902-05. Events during his premiership included the 1902 Education Act and the ending of the Boer War. Issued the Balfour Declaration in 1917. (1848-1930). Benjamin Disraeli http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRdisraeli.htm Statesman, prime minister in 1868, 1874-80 and novelist. His second tenure as prime minister was noted for British expansion and social reforms. His novels Coningsby, Sybil, and Tancred show concern about poverty and the injustice of the parliamentary system. (1804-81) Clement Attlee http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUattlee.htm Member of the Labour Party. Served as prime minister from 1945-51. Presided over a number of social reforms, including establishment of the National Health Service and nationalization of some industries, services and the Bank of England. (1883-1967) David Lloyd George http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgeorge.htm Gained reputation as an orator, solicitor and preacher. Joined the Liberal Party and became an alderman. Advocated insurance reform and women's rights. Served as prime minister from 1916-22. (1863-1945) Duke of Portland http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRportland.htm William Cavendish Bentinck received his title when his father died in 1762. Served as lord chamberlain and then became leader of the Whig administration. He also served as Home Secretary under Henry Addington. (1738-1809) (1738-1809) Duke of Wellington http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRwellington.htm Arthur Wellesley was born in Dublin. He attended military school and became a brigade commander. Although he received some political appointments, he remained in the army. Was commander of the forces which defeated Napoleon at Waterloo. Served as prime minister from 1828-1830. Buried in St Paul's Cathedral. (1769-1852) Earl Grey http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgrey.htm Born as Charles Grey. Was later granted the titles Viscount Howick and Earl Grey. Became Foreign Secretary and leader of the House of Commons and was responsible for the act abolishing the African Slave Trade. Served as prime minister from 1830-1834. (1764-1845) Earl of Aberdeen http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRaberdeen.htm George Hamilton Gordon, was born in Edinburgh and became the 4th Earl in 1801. As special ambassador to Vienna he successfully negotiated the Treaty of Toplitz. Was prime minister from 1852-1855. (1784-1860) Earl of Derby http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRderby1.htm Edward Stanley was the son of the 13th Earl of Derby. Belonged to the Whig Party and later joined the Conservative government. Held positions in parliament and became leader of the Protectionists. Served as prime minister three times. (1799-1868) Earl of Rosebery http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRrosebery.htm Archibald Philip Primrose. Served as Foreign Secretary under Gladstone. Appointed prime minister by Queen Victoria and was in office from 1894-95. Led the Liberal Party until he resigned in 1896. (1847-1929) George Canning http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRcanning.htm Statesman, who served as secretary of state for Foreign Affairs, paymaster-general and treasurer of the navy under William Pitt. Appointed as prime minister in 1827.(1770-1827) Henry Addington http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRsidmouth.htm Become speaker of the House of Commons in 1789 and was appointed prime minister in 1801. His stand against Catholic Emancipation proved to be unpopular. In 1804 he resigned when large numbers of his own party turned against him. The following year Addington was granted the title of Lord Sidmouth. (1757-1844) Henry Campbell-Bannerman http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRbannerman.htm Served in various parliament positions and became leader of the House of Commons. Opposed the Boer War and advocated comprehensive social reforms. (1836-1908) Herbert Asquith http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRasquith.htm Liberal MP and served as prime minister from 1908-16. Introduced series of reforms including the Old Age Pensions Act and the People's Budget that resulted in a conflict with the House of Lords. Granted the title, the Earl of Oxford, in 1925. (1852-1928) James Ramsay MacDonald http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRmacdonald.htm Born in Scotland, he became leader of the Labour Party in 1911. Became Britain's first Labour prime minister in 1923 for one year, when his government fell. Served again from 1929-31, when Great Depression led to collapse of the Labour government. (1866-1937). Lord Grenville http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgrenville.htm Entered the House of Commons in 1782, was a strong supporter of Catholic Emancipation and strong opponent of the slave trade. A paralytic attack brought an end to his political career. (1759-1834) Lord John Russell http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRrussell.htm Leader of the Whig campaign in the House of Commons for parliamentary reform and served as prime minister from 1846-52 and 1865-66. As an author, his writings concentrated on books about his political hero, Charles Fox. (1792-1878) Lord Liverpool http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRliverpool.htm Robert Jenkinson was born in London. Became the second Earl of Liverpool when his father died. Was leader of the House of Lords, appointed secretary of war and the colonies and served as prime minister for fifteen years. (1770-1828) Lord Melbourne http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRmelbourne.htm William Lamb was born in London and and was chief secretary of Ireland. Inherited his father's title in 1828, when he moved to the House of Lords. Became prime minister in 1834 for only a few months, but was reappointed the following year. (1779-1848) Lord Palmerston http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRpalmerston.htm Served as Secretary at War under five prime ministers. Influenced foreign affairs from 1830-65 and supported liberal and national causes in Europe. Became prime minister at age 70 for three years, followed by second period when he was 75. (1784-1865) Neville Chamberlain http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRchamberlain.htm Successful businessman before entering Parliament in 1918. Became cabinet minister and succeeded Baldwin as Conservative prime minister in 1937. Advocated foreign policy of appeasement and signed the Munich Agreement in 1938, which transferred to Germany the Sudetenland. Replaced in office in 1940 by Winston Churchill. (1869-1940) Robert Cecil: Marquis of Salisbury http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRsalisbury.htm Became Secretary for India in Lord Derby's government and Foreign Secretary. Became leader of the Conservative Party and prime minister in 1885. Supported the policies that led to the Boer War. (1830-1903) Sir Robert Peel http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRpeel.htm Served in the House of Commons and was appointed chief secretary for Ireland. Accepted the post of Home Secretary and was responsible for large-scale reform in the legal system. Was prime minister in 1834-35 and 1841-46. (1788-1850) Spencer Perceval http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRperceval.htm Served in various posts of Parliament. Appointed prime minister in 1809 and served until 1812, the only British prime minister in history to be assassinated. (1762-1812)
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