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Description: Abstract: Born in 1812, the eldest of eleven children, after attending the local school he left at fourteen and joined Dr. Robert Lewins as an apprentice and then went to Edinburgh University in 1829 to study medicine and graduated in 1832. While in Edinburgh, Smiles became involved in the campaign for parliamentary reform. In 1837 he began contributing articles on parliamentary reform for theLeeds Times and decided to abandon his career as a doctor and to become a full-time worker for the cause of political change. In the 1850s Samuel Smiles completely abandoned his interest in parliamentary reform and now argued that self-help provided the best route to success. He died in 1904.
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