Encyclopedias: Spartacus Educational: Reform of Parliament: Page 4

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Joseph Gales http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgales.htm Unitarian, publisher of radical newspaper, and political activist who supported parliamentary reform and universal suffrage. (1761-1841) Joseph Gerrald http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgerrald.htm Became involved in the campaign for parliamentary reform. Joined the London Corresponding Society and wrote the pamphlet A Convention is the Only Means of Saving Us from Ruin. (1763-1796) Joseph Hume http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRhume.htm Represented Tory party in House of Commons and later became a Whig. Considered the leader of the movement for universal suffrage. Advocated the setting up of savings banks, the abolition of flogging in the army and an end to imprisonment for debt. (1777-1855) Joseph Johnson http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRjohnson.htm Strong supporter of universal suffrage and annual parliaments. One of the founders of the Patriotic Union Society whose main objective was to obtain parliamentary reform. (1791-1872) Joseph Priestley http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRpriestley.htm Clergyman and moderate reformer who advanced liberal political and religious thought in 18th century England. (1733-1804) Joseph Rayner Stephens http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/IRstephens.htm Established the Ashton Chronicle, a newspaper that advocated radical social reform. Campaigned against child labor and the 1834 Poor Law. Includes excerpts from newspaper articles. (1805-1879) Josiah Wedgwood http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/REwedgwood.htm Political reformer who supported universal male suffrage and annual parliaments. Helped to form the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade. (1730-1795) Kennington Common Mass Meeting http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/CHkennington.htm Site of a Chartist rally led by Feargus O'Connor, an advocate of political reform. King George III http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgeorgeIII.htm Opposed parliamentary reform and came into conflict with William Pitt over his policy of Catholic Emancipation. Includes brief biography. (1738-1820) King George IV http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRgeorgeIV.htm Strong opponent of Catholic Emancipation and against parliamentary reform. Includes brief biography. (1762-1830) London Corresponding Society http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRcorresponding.htm Organized in 1792 for the purpose of campaigning for the working class vote. Lord Althorp http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/IRalthorp.htm Leader of the Whigs in Parliament and the House of Commons. Opposed the idea of a ten-hour day for children factory workers and led the opposition to Michael Sadler and his supporters in the debates on this issue in 1832. Includes excerpts from speeches and letters. (1782-1845) Lord Byron http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRbyron.htm Poet and member of the House of Lords. Became a strong advocate of social reform and was one of the few men in Parliament to defend the actions of the Luddites. Opposed the Frame Breaking Bill. Includes short biography and portrait. (1788-1824) Lord John Russell http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRrussell.htm Leader of the Whig campaign in the House of Commons for parliamentary reform. Served as prime minister from 1846-52 and 1865-66. (1792-1878) Lord Melbourne http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRmelbourne.htm Whig who was elected to the House of Commons, the House of Lords and became prime minister. Disliked political controversy and after the passing of the 1832 Reform Act did not favor parliamentary reform. (1779-1848) Lord Morpeth http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRhoward.htm Member of the Whig party and supporter of parliamentary reform. Appointed chief secretary for Ireland for six years and carried through Parliament several reforms including the Irish Tithe Bill, the Irish Municipal Reform Bill and the Irish Poor Law Bill. (1802-1864) Lord Palmerston http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRpalmerston.htm Served as Secretary at War under five prime ministers. Became Prime Minister and was totally opposed to any extension of the franchise and parliamentary reform. (1784-1865) Lord Sidmouth http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRsidmouth.htm Become speaker of the House of Commons in 1789 and was appointed prime minister in 1801. Supported the Tories in parliament, voted against Catholic Emancipation and the Reform Act of 1832 and helped pass the Gagging Acts. (1757-1844) Major John Cartwright http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRcartwright.htm Author of Take Your Choice, a book which argued the case for parliamentary reform including: manhood suffrage, the secret ballot, annual elections and equal electoral districts. (1740-1824) Manchester Chronicle http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRchronicle.htm Tory newspaper founded by Charles Wheeler in 1781. Achieved popularity with readers who opposed social reform. Ceased publication in 1842. Manchester Guardian http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRguardian.htm First published in 1821. Advocated political reform. Manchester Herald http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRherald.htm First published in 1792. Advocated parliamentary reform. Ceased publication in 1795. Manchester Observer http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRobserver.htm Radical newspaper formed in 1818 which criticized the government. Reported on the incident which became known as the Peterloo Massacre. Mary Wollstonecraft http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRwollstonecraft.htm Wrote a pamphlet, A Vindication of the Rights of Man, in which she opposed the slave trade, the game laws and ill-treatment of the poor. (1759-1797) Maurice Margarot http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRmargarot.htm Member of the London Corresponding Society. Wrote and published pamphlets on parliamentary reform. (1745-1815)
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