Encyclopedias: Spartacus Educational: Socialism and the Labour Movement: Page 2

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Ernest Belfort Bax http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbax.htm Joined the Social Democratic Federation, then left to form the Socialist League. Wrote books in which he argued that Christian ethics was gradually being replaced by the Utilitarian idea that ethical change was produced by the needs of society rather than from a supernatural level.(1854-1918) Ernest Bevin http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbevin.htm Member of the Labour party, elected general secretary of the Transport and General Workers Union and a member of the General Council of the Trade Union Congress between 1925 and 1940. Opposed to the forming of the Triple Alliance with the miners and railway men. (1881-1951) Ernest Jones http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/CHjones.htm Joined the Chartist movement and soon became a follower of Feargus O'Connor. Considered himself a socialist, and suggested that Chartism should become a "workers' party". (1819-1869) Ethel Annakin Snowden http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Wsnowden.htm Active in the Labour party during the early 1900s, helped form a branch of the Nation Union of Women's Suffrage Societies in Leeds. Was a pacifist and refused to support Britain's involvement in the First World War. Active member of the Women's Peace Crusade. (1880-1951). Fabian Society http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Pfabian.htm Socialist debating group formed in 1884. Includes brief history and commentaries. Fanny Wright http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/REwright.htm Wrote book, Views of Society and Manners in America, which praised America's experiments in democracy. Advocated socialism, the abolition of slavery, universal suffrage, free secular education, birth control, changes in the marriage and divorce laws. (1795-1852) Fenner Brockway http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbrockway.htm Editor of the ILP newspaper, the Labour Elector. During the 1926 General Strike became editor of the Trade Union Congress newspaper, the British Worker. Wrote over twenty books on politics, including four volumes of autobiography. Includes excerpts from writings. (1888-1988) Frank Podmore http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUpodmore.htm Member of the Fabian Society. Wrote a two-volume book about Robert Owen in which he argued that Owen was the founding father of both socialism and spiritualism. (1856-1910) Fred Jowett http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUjowett.htm Socialist who founded a branch of the Independent Labour Party in Bradford. Opposed war involvement and supported those who resisted conscription and demanded heavy taxation on wartime profits. Includes excerpts from various writings. (1864-1944) Frederick Denison Maurice http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/REmaurice.htm Wrote The Kingdom of Christ (1838) in which he argued that politics and religion are inseparable. Suggested a socialist alternative to the economic principles of laissez faire. Joined with Charles Kingsley and Thomas Hughes to form the Christian Socialist movement. (1805-1872) Friedrich Engels http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUengels.htm Eldest son of a successful German industrialist. Collaborated with Karl Marx which resulted in the writing of the Communist Manifesto. It summarized the forthcoming revolution and the nature of the communist society that would be established by the proletariat. (1820-1895) G. D. Cole http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUcole.htm Long-time member of the Fabian Society. Became Labour correspondent for the Manchester Guardian and was professor of social and political theory at University College in Oxford. (1889-1959) George Barnes http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbarnes.htm Elected as General Secretary of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers. Formed the National Committee of Organised Labour for Old Age Pensions. Became leader of the Labour Party in 1910. (1859-1940) George Bernard Shaw http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jshaw.htm Author, playwright and socialist. Became an active member of the Social Democratic Federation, the Fabian Society and the Socialist League. Wrote plays dealing with issues such as poverty and women's rights and implied that socialism could help solve the problems created by capitalism. (1856-1950) George Julian Harney http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/CHharney.htm Publisher of newspaper, The Red Republican, in which he attempted to educate his working class readers about socialism and internationalism. He also attempted to convert the trade union movement to socialism. (1817-1897) George Lansbury http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRlansbury.htm Labour member of Parliament. Reformer who campaigned against poverty and for woman suffrage. A lifelong pacifist, he defended conscientious objectors during World War I. (1859-1940) George Orwell http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jorwell.htm Born in India. Wrote documentary account of unemployment in the north of England. A committed socialist, he went to Spain in 1936 to report on the Spanish Civil War. Includes short biography, excerpts from his works and photo. (1903-1950) Graham Wallas http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUwallas.htm Became one of the three leaders of the Fabian Society. Elected to the London School Board in 1894 and chaired its School Management Committee. Argued for the humanizing of modern life and believed that educators should pay more attention to human beings than institutions. (1858-1932) H. G. Wells http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jwells.htm Novelist and historian. Member of the Fabian Society for a short period. Argued that society had reached the stage where it needed world government and strongly supported the League of Nations that was established after the First World War. Includes excerpts from his works and photo. (1866-1946) H. M. Hyndman http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUhyndman.htm Apostle of Karl Marx. Formed Britain's first socialist political party, the Social Democratic Federation. Favored demand for universal suffrage and the nationalization of the means of production and distribution. (1842-1921) H. N. Brailsford http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jbrailsford.htm Journalist for the Manchester Guardian, the Morning Leader, Daily News, the Star and weekly journal, the Nation. Toured Central Europe and his graphic accounts of the suffering being endured by the people in the defeated countries appeared in his books Across the Blockade and After the Peace. (1873-1958) Hannah Mitchell http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Wmitchell.htm Joined the local branch of Women's Social and Political Union and became a full-time worker. Member of the Women's Freedom League in 1907 and joined the Independent Labour Party in 1914. (1871-1956) Harold Laski http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUlaski.htm Professor of political science at the London School of Economics. Helped form the Left Book Club and became chairman of the Labour Party in 1945. (1893-1950) Harry Gosling http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUgosling.htm Elected to the Trade Union Congress parliamentary committee and became president of the National Transport Workers' Federation (NTWF). Instrumental in establishing the Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU). (1861-1930) Harry Quelch http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUquelch.htm Influenced by Karl Marx's Das Capital and converted to revolutionary socialism. Active member of the Social Democratic Federation and represented the SDF at the Trade Union Congress in the early 1890s. (1858-1913)
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