Technology: Aerospace: Aeronautics: Aerodynamics: Highly Nonplanar Lifting Systems by Kroo, McMasters and Smith

Description: A paper by Ilan Kroo (Stanford University), John McMasters (Boeing Commercial Airplane Group) and Stephen C. Smith (NASA Ames Research Center) that deals with nonplanar wing concepts (e.g. biplanes, triplanes, box planes, ring wings, lifting struts, joined wings, crescent wings, split-tips, and others) -- their advantages and possible application in a variety of aircraft designs.